In Theory: Object constancy, in object relations and attachment theory, is the capacity to maintain a stable sense of another person even…

In Theory: Within the psychodynamic tradition, the goal of therapy is not happiness or the elimination of conflict. It is the gradual…

In Theory: In psychodynamic therapy, insight alone is rarely sufficient for change. The same material, pattern, and relational dynamic must be revisited…

In Theory: Within the object relations tradition, Melanie Klein described the depressive position as a developmental achievement in which a person recognizes…

In Theory: Sigmund Freud distinguished between mourning and melancholia within the foundational psychodynamic tradition. In mourning, the loss is known and grief…

In Theory: Melanie Klein, within the object relations tradition, described ambivalence as the capacity to hold love and anger, admiration and resentment,…

In Theory: One of Sigmund Freud’s most enduring clinical observations is that patterns repeat, not deliberately or consciously, but with regularity that…